Cargo sector from Viracopos International Airport in Campinas (Photo: Frederico Andrade / Viracopos)
Brazil is the country's most closed to foreign trade of all G20 nations, according to a survey of the World Chamber of Commerce (ICC, in English). The Brazilian economy received a 2.3 score in 2015, a scale of one to six, behind Argentina and India.
Market opening in G20
Score 1 to 6
2,54,12,34,233,94,32,63,13,73,63,83,13,13,93,33,24,13,7ArgentinaAustráliaBrasilCanadáChinaFrançaAlemanhaÍndiaIndonésiaItáliaJapãoCoreiaMéxicoRússiaArábia SauditaÁfrica do SulTurquiaReino UnidoEstados Unidos0246
Source: ICC
Nevertheless, the assessment of Brazil improved slightly compared to 2013 last survey of the ICC, when the country received 2.2 scores.
Of the 20 economies, 15 have evolved in market opening, with Russia, Canada and Korea through the level of "below average" to "about average" in the world ranking, thanks mainly to increased imports and high fuel prices.
G20 below the world average
The study concluded that, despite promises to enable foreign trade as an engine of growth and jobs generator, G20 economies "are failing to demonstrate global leadership in trade liberalization."
The survey shows that the G20 countries - group of the biggest emerging and developed economies - have levels below the world average, with only Germany among the 20 largest markets in the world. The global index market opening scored 3.7 in 2015 - against 3.6 in 2013 and 3.5 in 2011.
Saturday (5), ministers of the G20 finance - including the head of the Treasury, Joaquim Levy -meet in Ankara, the Turkish capital to discuss the central themes of these economies, especially turbulância in the Chinese economy and the intentions of the Federal Reserve (Fed), US central bank to raise interest rates this year.
World ranking of trade improves
On a global scale, Asian economies are leading the study. Singapore and Hong Kong are the champions of trade liberalization ranking in 2015 for the third time in a row, surpassing advanced economies like the United States.
The world index measured by the ICC brings together 75 countries, levendo into account four key factors: trade gap observed, trade policies, openness to foreign direct investment and infrastructure for trade.
Volume of exports to GDP
In 2014, Brazil only lost to the Central African Republic in the amount of exported and imported goods and services to GDP, according to World Bank data. The volume exported from Brazil to all over the world totaled US $ 225 billion - only 11.5% of GDP, while the world average was 29.8%.
The main destinations for Brazilian products, China and the United States, still raise doubts about the vigor of their economies. China - which buys 18% of what Brazil exports - devalued its currency, the yuan, to try to strengthen exports, and is expected to grow less than 7% this year, well below the numbers recorded earlier."Our presence in the international market is negligible. Brazil participates with somewhere around 1% of global trade, "he told G1 economist and professor of foreign trade Colleges Rio Branco, Carlos Stempniewski.
Other important trading partners such as Argentina, Venezuela, countries in Africa and Russia or stopped buying or buy very little of Brazil, being in a difficult economic situation, remember the teacher of Colleges Rio Branco.
